Web Application Plugin

The plugin provides functionality to interact with Web applications.

Installation

Example 1. build.gradle
implementation(group: 'org.vividus', name: 'vividus-plugin-web-app', version: '0.4.16')

Locator

By.<locatorType>(<locatorValue>):<visibility>->filter.<filterType>(<filterValue>)
By. prefix is optional.
  1. locatorType - [mandatory] type of the locator

  2. locatorValue - [mandatory] value of the locator

  3. visibility - [optional] visibility of element (visible by default)

  4. filterType - [optional] type of the filter

  5. filterValue - [required if filter type defined] value of the filter

Reusable locators

Feature allows to define custom reusable locator types via properties. These new locator types should rely on one of the already existing ones.

Example 2. Properties
ui.locator.<locatorName>.pattern
ui.locator.<locatorName>.locator-type
  1. locatorName - The name of the reusable locator.

  2. pattern - The pattern of the reusable locator.

  3. locator-type - The base locator type.

Example 3. Definition of custom locator
ui.locator.anyAttOrText.locator-type=xpath
ui.locator.anyAttOrText.pattern=//*[@*='%s' or text()='%s']
Example 4. Usage of custom locator
Given I am on the main application page
Then number of elements found by `anyAttOrText(attribute, text)` is = `1`
Example 5. Usage of custom locator with comma in parameter
Given I am on the main application page
Then number of elements found by `anyAttOrText(attribute, with comma\, text)` is = `1`
Description Pattern Usage Result

Single parameter doesn’t require comma escaping.

//[@='%1$s' or text()='%1$s']

customLocator(Hello, Vlad!)

//[@='Hello, Vlad!' or text()='Hello, Vlad!']

The pattern with a single parameter was referenced twice.

//[@='%1$s' or text()='%1$s']

customLocator(text)

//[@='text' or text()='text']

The pattern with a , in value.

//[@='%s' or text()='%s']

customLocator(te\,xt1, text2)

//[@='te,xt1' or text()='text2']

The pattern containing % character

//input[@id="username" and text()="%%%s"]

customLocator(admin)

//input[@id="username" and text()="%admin]

The pattern without parameters

//input[@id="username"]

customLocator()

//input[@id="username"]

The pattern with two parameter placeholders was used with invalid number of parameters.

//[@='%s' or text()='%s']

customLocator(text)

Exception will be thrown!

Locator Types

Type Description Example

id

id attribute of an element

id(submitForm)

cssSelector

CSS selector to an element

cssSelector(.menu-item)

xPath

Xpath to locate an element

xpath(//a)

tagName

name of an element tagName

tagName(a)

className

CSS class name

className(bold)

linkText

text of the link

linkText(Google)

linkUrl

href attribute of the link element

linkUrl(/faq)

linkUrlPart

part of a href attribute of the link element

linkUrlPart(faq)

caseSensitiveText

case sensitive text of an element

caseSensitiveText(Description)

caseInsensitiveText

case insensitive text of an element

caseInsensitiveText(description)

imageSrc

shortcut to a .//img[@src='<value>>']

imgSrc(/images/kote.png)

imageSrcPart

shortcut to a .//img[contains(@src,'<value>>')]']

imgSrcPart(kote.png)

buttonName

elements of type button or input with text or any attribute value

buttonName(submit)

fieldName

input or textarea with text or any attribute value

fieldName(editor)

checkboxName

input element with @type="checkbox" and text value

checkboxName(allow)

elementName

any attribute or text value

elementName(OK)

shadowCssSelector

chain of css selectors, separated by ;, where first value - selector for upper shadow host, last value - target element selector

shadowCssSelector(.upperHost; #innerHost1; #innerHost2; .targetValue)

Visibility types

Visibility type Usage example Description

VISIBLE

xpath(//a)

Default visibility option. Only visible elements will be found

INVISIBLE

xpath(//a):i

Only invisible elements will be found

all

xpath(//a):a

Either visible and invisible elements will be found

Filter types

The filters are applied after elements search using one of the locators specified above. The elements not matching the filter condition are sorted out without any notice.

Filter type Description Example

index

Get an element by the specified index from a collection of elements found by a locator. Indexes start from 1.

tagName(div)→filter.index(2)

textPart

Filter elements by their text parts.

tagName(h3)→filter.textPart(Welcome)

state

element State

id(v1)→filter.state(VISIBLE)

caseSensitiveText

element text should match case sensitively

id(v1)→filter.caseSensitiveText(text)

classAttributePart

class attribute should contain part

id(v1)→filter.classAttributePart(clazz)

linkUrl

href attribute of the link element

id(v1)→filter.linkUrl(/url)

linkUrlPart

part of href attribute of the link element

id(v1)→filter.linkUrlPart(/url)

tooltip

title attribute value

id(v1)→filter.tooltip(title)

imageSrcPart

src attribute should contain value

id(v1)→filter.imageSrcPart(part)

placeholder

Placeholder attribute should be equal to a value

id(v1)→filter.placeholder(placeholder-value)

validationIconSource

CSS property background-image should match

id(v1)→filter.validationIconSource(src)

fieldText

field text should match expected value

id(v1)→filter.fieldText(value)

fieldTextPart

field text should contain expected value

id(v1)→filter.fieldTextPart(value)

dropDownText

any of select options should be equal to a value

id(v1)→filter.dropDownText(value)

Properties

The properties marked with bold are mandatory.
Property Name Acceptable values Default Description

web-application.session-scope

story

scenario

story

The test lifecycle of the browser:

  • the browser opens at the first step requiring browser interaction

  • the browser closes after story or scenario depending on the property value

  • each scenario-level examples table iteration is treated as a separate scenario

An empty property value will lead to the error: "Application session scope is not set".

ui.publish-source-on-failure

true false

true

Whether to publish the application source code on failure or not

ui.context.self-healing

true false

false

Incubating feature.

If the value is set to true, an attempt to reset context will be performed when it becomes stale.

selenium.grid.host

hostname

<empty>

Remote grid host to be used to create a new session

selenium.grid.username

username

<empty>

Remote grid username to be used to create a new session

selenium.grid.password

password

<empty>

Password to be used to create a new session

ui.wait.timeout

ISO-8601 format

PT1M

Total duration to wait for UI condition

ui.wait.polling-period

ISO-8601 format

PT2S

Used together with ui.wait.timeout. Total duration of time between two iterations of UI condition check

proxy.enabled

true false

false

Enable proxy for the whole test run

proxy.host

any host name resolving on the machine

<empty>

Overrides the host which will be used by proxy

proxy.ports

ports range (e.g., 10000-10005)

<empty>

Ports range which could be occupied for proxy

proxy.connectable-host

host.docker.internal

<empty>

Overrides the proxy host which will be passed to browser

proxy.publish-har-on-failure

true false

false

Enables publishing of attachments with HAR to each failed step. @noHarOnFailure meta tag can be used to disable HAR publishing at the story level.

screenshot.on-failure.debug-modes

proxy

<empty>

Provides possibility to attach screenshot for failed proxy steps

web.driver.<browser-name>.command-line-arguments

string with arguments

<empty>

The command line (CLI) arguments to use when starting browser.

<browser-name> is one of the browsers supporting CLI arguments:

web-application.sticky-header-size-percentage

header size as a viewport size percent

How to configure user preferences for Chrome browser?

In addition to the command line arguments, user preferences (see the Preferences file in Chrome’s user data directory or open chrome://prefs-internals/ link in Chrome browser for examples) can be customised.

Here is an example how to configure third-party cookies behaviour.

Example 6. Add the following property to allow all cookies
web.driver.CHROME.experimental-options={"prefs": {"profile": {"cookie_controls_mode": 0}}}

The allowed values for the preference from the example are:

  • 0 - allow all cookies;

  • 1 - block third-party cookies;

  • 2 - block third-party cookies in Incognito mode only.

Meta Tags

@proxy - some steps require proxy to be turned on: it can be done by setting the corresponding properties or by switching on this meta tag at story level.

Dynamic variables

Browser window dimension

The set of dynamic variables provides ability to access height and width of the browser window.

Variable name

Variable name Description

browser-window-height

the height of the browser window

browser-window-width

the width of the browser window

Example 7. Check the dimension of the browser window
When I change window size to `800x600`
Then `${browser-window-width}` is = `800`
Then `${browser-window-height}` is = `600`

Context element rectangle

The set of dynamic variables provides ability to access context element coordinates, width and height.

The variables rely on the contextual approach: it is necessary to switch context to the target element.
In case of missing search context the error will be logged and -1 will be returned as a result

Variable name

Variable name Description

context-height

the height of the context element

context-width

the width of the context element

context-x-coordinate

the absolute X coordinate of the context element

context-y-coordinate

the absolute Y coordinate of the context element

Example 8. Check the size and the location of the image
When I change context to element located `id(userpic)`
Then `${context-height}` is > `0`
Then `${context-width}` is > `0`
Then `${context-x-coordinate}` is > `0`
Then `${context-y-coordinate}` is > `0`

Source code

Variable provides source code of the UI of the application under test.

Variable name

${source-code}
Example 9. Check if element exists on UI
Then `${source-code}` matches `.+Home.+`

Profiles

Profiles allow to choose or parameterize browser that tests run on. See more details on the profiles and nesting strategy on the configuration page.

Web-application plugin contains significant amount of built-in profiles. They can be found after plugin installation by the following path in Eclipse IDE:

Referenced Libraries -> vividus-plugin-web-app-X.Y.Z -> properties -> profile -> web

Let’s go through the structure and review its content.

Desktop

General place for web profiles. Each of the directory contains browser related properties. This is a place for adjustments for your browser. Add there any properties you need: screen resolution, path to webdriver or to a custom browser.

Profile Example of properties

web/desktop/chrome

selenium.browser=chrome
selenium.grid.platform-name=Windows
selenium.grid.platform-version=10
web.driver.chrome.command-line-arguments=--disable-auto-reload
web.driver.chrome.binary-path=/path/to/custom/chrome

web/desktop/edge.chromium

selenium.browser=edge_chromium
selenium.grid.platform-name=macOS
selenium.grid.platform-version=12.5
selenium.grid.capabilities.browserName=MicrosoftEdge

web/desktop/firefox

selenium.browser=firefox
selenium.grid.platform-name=Windows
selenium.grid.platform-version=10
web.driver.firefox.command-line-arguments=--turbo

web/desktop/iexplore

selenium.browser=iexplore
selenium.grid.capabilities.browserName=internet explorer
web.driver.iexplore.command-line-arguments=-private
selenium.grid.capabilities.iedriverVersion=3.141.0
selenium.grid.platform-name=Windows
selenium.grid.platform-version=7

web/desktop/opera

selenium.browser=opera
selenium.grid.screen-resolution=1920x1080
selenium.grid.platform-name=Windows
selenium.grid.platform-version=10

web/desktop/safari

selenium.browser=safari
selenium.grid.platform-name=macOS
selenium.grid.platform-version=11.00

Mobile emulation

  1. Built-in devices

    Chrome allows to emulate view on mobile devices using Device mode. Such feature is reflected in mobile_emulation subdirectory in Profiles. Use device-name property to mention target device:

    web.driver.CHROME.mobile-emulation.device-name=DEVICE_NAME

    Available for emulation devices you can find in the Dimensions list in chrome.

  2. Custom devices

    In case you need to use Responsive Viewport Mode and set up your own device, update the screen resolution in the following properties:

    web.driver.CHROME.mobile-emulation.width=1440
    web.driver.CHROME.mobile-emulation.height=900

Docker

The profile can be enabled by adding web/docker to configuration.profiles property. The profile should be used together with the browser profile.

Default selenium grid URL is set to selenium.grid.url=http://localhost:4444/wd/hub. Don’t forget to modify it if your grid is running in a different location.
Example 10. Run chrome in docker container
confgiguraiton.profiles=web/docker,web/desktop/chrome

Headless

Headless mode is a functionality that allows the execution of a full version of the browser while controlling it programmatically. It can be used without dedicated graphics or display, meaning that it runs without its “head”, the Graphical User Interface (GUI). Update properties in this directory to adjust your headless automation.

Phone

Contains phone related properties, for android and iOS devices, including portrait and landscape orientations.

Profile Example of properties

web/phone

selenium.grid.capabilities.platform=Android
selenium.grid.capabilities.platformVersion=11.0
selenium.grid.capabilities.deviceOrientation=portrait
selenium.grid.capabilities.appiumVersion=1.21.1

Tablet

Similar to the Phone directory, but is designed for tablets properties.

Profile Example of properties

web/tablet

selenium.grid.capabilities.platformName=iOS
selenium.grid.capabilities.platformVersion=14.0
selenium.grid.capabilities.deviceName=iPad
selenium.grid.capabilities.deviceOrientation=landscape
selenium.grid.capabilities.appiumVersion=1.21.1

Steps

Open URL in a new tab

Opens a new tab, switches to the opened tab and loads the given URL

When I open URL `$URL` in new window
  • $URL - The URL to open

Example 11. Open docs in a new tab.story
When I open URL `https://docs.vividus.dev` in new window

Close current window

Closes the current window and switches to the previous window.

When I close the current window
Handling alerts displayed with 'onbeforeunload' events is not implied by the WebDriver specification to close window. For handling alerts use step based on JavaScript 'Close current window with possibility to handle alert'.
This step can only be applied to a session with multiple windows open.
Example 12. Open URL in new tab, close it and switch to the previous page
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://example.com/'
When I open URL `https://example.com/contact-us` in new window
When I close the current window

Close current window with possibility to handle alert

Trying to close the current window with 'onbeforeunload' events handling.

  • If an alert window is opened via 'onbeforeunload' event, it must be checked and handled in the subsequent steps.

  • If an alert window is not opened, the step closes the current window and switches to the previous window.

When I attempt to close current window with possibility to handle alert
This step can only be used if the current window was opened via the step When I open URL `$pageUrl` in new window.
If you confirm window close in alert, the window will be closed, and you will need to switch to current window using the following step: When I switch to window with title that $stringComparisonRule `$windowName`.
Example 13. Checking for an alert when trying to close a window with form
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://example.com/'
When I open URL `https://example.com/form` in new window
When I click on element located `By.xpath(//*[@id='form-edit'])`
When I execute sequence of actions:
|type      |argument    |
|ENTER_TEXT|changed text|
When I attempt to close current window with possibility to handle alert
Then an alert is present
When I accept alert with message which matches `.*`

Stop page loading

Stops page loading

When I stop page loading
Could be useful in combination with Selenium’s page load strategy
Example 14. Stop page loading.story
When I open URL `https://delayed.vividus.dev` in new window
When I stop page loading

Configure page load timeout

Sets a custom page load timeout for a part of the story

When I set page load timeout to `$duration`
  • $duration - total duration to wait for page load completion in ISO-8601 format

Example 15. Before loading a heavy page set an increased timeout
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://example.com/'
When I set page load timeout to `PT20S`
When I open URL `https://example.com/super-heavy-page` in new window
When I set page load timeout to `PT10S`

Scroll context

Scrolls the context to an edge

When I scroll context to $scrollDirection edge
  • $scrollDirection - the direction of the scroll. One of:

    • LEFT - start of a page/element horizontally

    • RIGHT - end of a page/element horizontally

    • TOP - start of a page/element vertically

    • BOTTOM - end of a page/element vertically

If the context is not set, the whole page will be scrolled
Example 16. Scroll login to a bottom
When I change context to element located `id(login)`
When I scroll context to BOTTOM edge

Scroll element into view

Scrolls an element into the view.

When I scroll element located `$locator` into view
Example 17. Scroll button into view
When I scroll element located `id(way_down_button)` into view

Performance metrics

Checks web performance metrics.

Then metric $webPerformanceMetric is $comparisonRule `$duration`
Example 18. Check page load
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://example.com'
Then metric PAGE_LOAD_TIME is less than `PT5S`

Execute sequence of actions

Executes the sequence of web actions

When I execute sequence of actions: $actions
  • $actions - table of actions to execute

    Table 1. Possible actions
    type argument Argument example

    DOUBLE_CLICK

    Element locator or empty

    By.linkUrl(http://httpbin.org)

    CLICK_AND_HOLD

    Element locator or empty

    By.linkText(Click me)

    MOVE_BY_OFFSET

    Point

    (10, 15) where x is 10 and y is 15

    RELEASE

    Element locator or empty

    By.tagName(div)

    ENTER_TEXT

    Text to type

    Minsk City

    CLICK

    Element locator or empty

    By.caseSensitiveText(Done)

    PRESS_KEYS

    Press and release any of Keys

    BACK_SPACE

    KEY_DOWN

    Press any of Keys one by one

    CONTROL,SHIFT,ALT

    KEY_UP

    Release any of Keys one by one

    CONTROL,SHIFT,ALT

    MOVE_TO

    Element locator

    By.id(username)

Example 19. Execute various web-actions
When I execute sequence of actions:
|type          |argument                                |
|DOUBLE_CLICK  |By.fieldText(Hello World)               |
|DOUBLE_CLICK  |                                        |
|CLICK_AND_HOLD|By.xpath(//signature-pad-control/canvas)|
|CLICK_AND_HOLD|                                        |
|MOVE_BY_OFFSET|(-300, 0)                               |
|RELEASE       |By.xpath(//signature-pad-control/canvas)|
|RELEASE       |                                        |
|ENTER_TEXT    |Text                                    |
|CLICK         |By.placeholder(Enter your password)     |
|CLICK         |                                        |
|PRESS_KEYS    |BACK_SPACE                              |
|KEY_DOWN      |CONTROL,SHIFT                           |
|KEY_UP        |CONTROL,SHIFT                           |
|MOVE_TO       |By.id(name)                             |

This step can be used to perform clipboard interactions.

Example 20. Select all text in the focused field and copy it to the clipboard on Windows
When I execute sequence of actions:
|type      |argument  |
|KEY_DOWN  |CONTROL, a|
|KEY_UP    |a, CONTROL|
|KEY_DOWN  |CONTROL, c|
|KEY_UP    |c, CONTROL|
Example 21. Paste text from the clipboard to the focused field on MacOS
When I execute sequence of actions:
|type      |argument  |
|KEY_DOWN  |COMMAND, v|
|KEY_UP    |v, COMMAND|

Verify elements number

Verifies if the number of elements located by locator matches the desired number.

Then number of elements found by `$locator` is $comparisonRule `$quantity`
Example 22. Verify the number of elements
Then number of elements found by `tagName(img)` is equal to `5`

Verify elements state

Verifies if the number of elements located by locator matches the number condition and all of them are in the desired state.

If you describe number condition as equal to 5 in case if there are 10 elements by this locator and only 5 of them in the desired state. You will get two failed assertions. The first one about number condition violation. The second one about state check failure.
In case when locator’s visibility and checked state are equal (For an example ':i' and 'NOT_VISIBLE') exception will be thrown. In such cases please use step: Verify elements number. Contradictory visibility parameters (locator - ':i' and checked state - 'VISIBLE') are also not allowed.
Then number of $state elements found by `$locator` is $comparisonRule `$quantity`
Example 23. Verify the number of elements in the state
Then number of VISIBLE elements found by `tagName(img)` is = `1`

Wait for element appearance

Waits for appearance of an element by the locator.

When I wait until element located `$locator` appears
Example 24. Wait for element appearance
When I wait until element located `name(welcome-image)` appears

Wait for element disappearance

Waits for disappearance of an element by the locator.

When I wait until element located `$locator` disappears
Example 25. Wait for element disappearance
When I wait until element located `name(welcome-image)` disappears

Save the text of the context

Saves the text of the context element into a variable.

Step will throw an error if the context element is not set.
When I save text of context element to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 26. Save the text of the context element
When I change context to element located `By.id(username)`
When I save text of context element to SCENARIO variable `username`

Saves the attribute value of the context

Saves the attribute value of the context element into a variable.

Step will throw an error if the context element is not set.
When I save `$attributeName` attribute value of context element to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 27. Save the attribute value of the context element
When I change context to element located `By.id(username)`
When I save `innerText` attribute value of context element to SCENARIO variable `username`

Save the attribute value of the element

Saves the attribute value of the element located by locator into a variable.

When I save `$attributeName` attribute value of element located `$locator` to $scopes variable `$variableName`

Save the attribute value of the element

When I save `innerText` attribute value of element located `By.id(username)` to SCENARIO variable `username`

Save number of elements

Saves number of elements located by locator into a variable.

When I save number of elements located `$locator` to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 28. Save number of elements
When I save number of elements located `tagName(a)` to scenario variable `numberOfLinks`
Then `${numberOfLinks}` is equal to `1`

Change context

Changes the context to an element located by locator for limiting area of subsequent UI interactions.

When I change context to element located `$locator` in scope of current context
Example 29. Change context
Then number of elements found by `By.xpath(html)` is equal to `1`
When I change context to element located `By.xpath(//body)` in scope of current context
Then number of elements found by `By.xpath(html)` is equal to `0`

Reset and change context

Resets current context and changes the context to an element located by locator for limiting area of subsequent UI interactions.

When I change context to element located `$locator`
Example 30. Change context
Then number of elements found by `By.xpath(html)` is equal to `1`
When I change context to element located `By.xpath(//body)`
Then number of elements found by `By.xpath(html)` is equal to `0`

Reset context

Resets the context.

When I reset context
Example 31. Reset context
Then number of elements found by `By.xpath(html)` is equal to `1`
When I change context to element located `By.xpath(//body)`
Then number of elements found by `By.xpath(html)` is equal to `0`
When I reset context
Then number of elements found by `By.xpath(html)` is equal to `1`

Element exists for duration

Verifies that an element located by locator exists for given duration.

Then element located `$locator` exists for `$duration` duration
Example 32. Element should exists for 5 second
Then element located `id(banner)` exists for `PT5S` duration

Navigate back

Navigates back to the previous view.

When I navigate back
Example 33. Navigate back
Then number of elements found by `xpath(//*[@*='Welcome'])` is equal to `1`
When I navigate back
Then number of elements found by `xpath(//*[@*='Welcome'])` is equal to `0`

Verify elements order

Gets a collection of elements by locator and checks that they are sorted by their text in the specified order. The collection should have more than 1 element with not empty text, otherwise the step fails.

Then elements located `$locator` are sorted by text in $sortingOrder order
  • $locator - Locator.

  • $sortingOrder

Plain Readable Description

ASCENDING

ascending

Verify that elements are sorted in ascending order

DESCENDING

descending

Verify that elements are sorted in descending order

CASE_INSENSITIVE_ASCENDING

case-insensitive ascending

Verify that elements are sorted in case-insensitive ascending order

CASE_INSENSITIVE_DESCENDING

case-insensitive descending

Verify that elements are sorted in case-insensitive descending order

Example 34. Check items are sorted
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://grocery.by'
When I click on element located `By.id(a-z)`
Then elements located `By.xpath(//span[@id='item-to-purchase'])` are sorted by text in ascending order

Take a screenshot

Takes a screenshot and publish it to the report.

When I take screenshot

Take a screenshot and save it to the folder

Takes a screenshot and saves it to the default folder defined by user.

The full path to a screenshot will be posted to logs and allure
When I take screenshot and save it to folder `$path`
  • $path - The absolute or relative path to the folder to save taken screenshot.

Example 35. Take a screenshot to a path
When I take screenshot and save it to folder `${screenshot-directory}/#{generate(Ancient.god)}.png`

Scan barcode

Scan a barcode and save its value to the variable with the specified name. Only the first founded barcode will be scanned.

Supported Code Formats

1D product 1D industrial 2D
  • UPC-A

  • UPC-E

  • EAN-8

  • EAN-13

  • UPC/EAN Extension 2/5

  • RSS-14

  • RSS-Expanded

  • Code 39

  • Code 93

  • Code 128

  • Codabar

  • ITF

  • QR Code

  • Data Matrix

  • Aztec

  • PDF 417

  • MaxiCode

Actions performed at this step:

  • Takes a viewport screenshot

  • Scans a barcode from the screenshot and save its value to the variable

When I scan barcode from screen and save result to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 36. Scan a barcode
When I scan barcode from screen and save result to scenario variable `qrCodeLink`
Then `${qrCodeLink}` is equal to `https://www.example.com`

Perform steps while elements exist

Executes the steps while the found elements exist.

To avoid infinite loops the iterationLimit parameter is used. If iteration’s limit reached the step will fail.
When I find $comparisonRule `$number` elements `$locator` and while they exist do up to $iterationLimit iteration of$stepsToExecute

Alias:

When I find $comparisonRule '$number' elements $locator and while they exist do up to $iterationLimit iteration of$stepsToExecute
  • $comparisonRule - The comparison rule.

  • $number - The number of elements to find.

  • $locator - Locator.

  • $iterationLimit - The maximum number of iterations to perform.

  • $stepsToExecute - The ExamplesTable with a single column containing the steps to execute.

Example 37. Disable menus
When I find >= `0` elements `xpath(//*[@class='menu enabled'])` and while they exist do up to 10 iteration of
|step                                         |
|When I click on element located `id(disable)`|

Scan barcode from context

Scan a barcode from the specified context and save its value to the variable with the specified name. If context not set - takes a screenshot of the entire page. Only the first found barcode will be scanned.

Supported Code Formats

1D product 1D industrial 2D
  • UPC-A

  • UPC-E

  • EAN-8

  • EAN-13

  • UPC/EAN Extension 2/5

  • RSS-14

  • RSS-Expanded

  • Code 39

  • Code 93

  • Code 128

  • Codabar

  • ITF

  • QR Code

  • Data Matrix

  • Aztec

  • PDF 417

  • MaxiCode

Actions performed at this step:

  • Takes a screenshot of the specified context. If it’s not set - takes a screenshot of the entire page

  • Scans a barcode from the screenshot and save its value to the variable

When I scan barcode from context and save result to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 38. Scan the barcode
When I change context to element located `By.xpath(//div[@id='qrCode'])`
When I scan barcode from context and save result to scenario variable `qrCodeLink`
Then `${qrCodeLink}` is equal to `https://www.example.com`

Dropdown Steps

Validate available options

Validates whether the dropdown located by locator exists and contains the list of the expected options.

Then dropdown located `$locator` contains options: $option
  • $locator - Locator

  • $options - examples table describing expected options

Example 39. Validate dropdown contains a set of colors
Then a drop down with the name 'colors' contains the items:
|state|item |
|false|Red  |
|false|Green|
|true |Blue |
The item is an option. The state (true or false) specifies whether the item is selected.

Validate the first selected option

Verifies if dropdown located by locator exists and first selected option.

Then dropdown located `$locator` exists and selected option is `$option`
  • $locator - Locator

  • $option - first selected option

Example 40. Dropdown.story
Then dropdown located `id(colors)` exists and selected option is `Blue`

Add an option to the mutli-select dropdown

Selects option in multi-select dropdown

Step will fail if target dropdown is not multi-select
When I add `$option` to selection in dropdown located `$locator`
  • $option - option to select

  • $locator - Locator

Example 41. Dropdown.story
When I add `Two` to selection in dropdown located `id(numbers)`

Select the option

Selects option in dropdown

Does not support multi-selection
When I select `$option` in dropdown located `$locator``
  • $option - option to select

  • $locator - Locator

Example 42. Dropdown.story
When I select `Red` in dropdown located `id(colors)`

Validates whether the certain cookie is set.

Then cookie with name `$cookieName` is set
  • $cookieName - The name of the cookie to check presence.

Example 43. Check the session cookie is present
Then cookie with name `JSESSIONID` is set

Validates whether the certain cookie is not set.

Then cookie with name `$cookieName` is not set
  • $cookieName - The name of the cookie to check absence.

Example 44. Check the session cookie is not present
Then cookie with name `JSESSIONID` is not set

Set cookies

Adds the cookies provided in the input ExamplesTable. It’s allowed to add the cookies for the current domain only: make sure the web browser is opened at the expected domain. The actions performed by the step:

  • add the cookies;

  • refresh the current page (this action is required to apply the changes in cookies).

When I set all cookies for current domain:$parameters
  • $parameters - The parameters of the cookies to set as ExamplesTable:

    Column Name Description

    cookieName

    the name of the cookie to set

    cookieValue

    the value of the cookie to set

    path

    the path of the cookie to set

Example 45. Set the cookie for the current domain
When I set all cookies for current domain:
|cookieName   |cookieValue |path |
|cookieAgreed |2           |/    |

Finds the cookie by the name and saves its value to a variable.

When I save value of cookie with name `$cookieName` to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 46. Get the value of the session cookie
When I save value of cookie with name `JSESSIONID` to scenario variable `session-id`

Finds the cookie by the name and saves all its parameters as JSON to a variable.

When I save cookie with name `$cookieName` as JSON to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 47. Get the session cookie
When I save cookie with name `JSESSIONID` as JSON to scenario variable `session-id`

Removes the certain cookie from the current domain. The actions performed by the step:

  • remove the certain cookie the from current domain;

  • refresh the current page (this action is required to apply the changes in cookies).

When I remove cookie with name `$cookieName` from current domain
  • $cookieName - The name of the cookie to remove.

Example 48. Remove the session cookie
When I remove cookie with name `JSESSIONID` from current domain

Removes the certain cookie from the current domain, but does not apply the changes in cookies. The current page must be refreshed or the navigation must be performed to apply the cookie changes.

When I remove cookie with name `$cookieName` from current domain without applying changes
  • $cookieName - The name of the cookie to remove.

Example 49. Remove the session cookie
When I remove cookie with name `JSESSIONID` from current domain without applying changes
When I refresh the page

Remove all cookies

Removes all cookies from the current domain. The actions performed by the step:

  • remove all cookies from the current domain;

  • refresh the current page (this action is required to apply the changes in cookies).

When I remove all cookies from current domain

Remove all cookies without apply

Removes all cookies from the current domain, but does not apply the changes in cookies. The current page must be refreshed or the navigation must be performed to apply the cookie changes.

When I remove all cookies from current domain without applying changes

Web Storage steps

Get web storage item

Finds the web storage item by the key and saves its value to the variable.

When I save $storageType storage item with key `$key` to $scopes variable `$variableName`
  • $storageType - One of the web storage mechanisms: either local or session.

  • $key - The name of the key to retrieve the value of.

  • $scopes - The comma-separated set of the variables scopes.

  • $variableName - The name of the variable to store the value of the web storage item.

Example 50. Get the value of the local storage item
When I save local storage item with key `token` to scenario variable `application-token`

Set web storage item

Adds the item with the specified key-value pair to the web storage, or updates that key’s value if it already exists.

When I set $storageType storage item with key `$key` and value `$value`
  • $storageType - One of the web storage mechanisms: either local or session.

  • $key - The name of the key to create/update.

  • $value - The value to give the key that is creating/updating.

Example 51. Set the session storage item
When I set session storage item with key `token` and value `session-token`

Validate web storage item presence

Validates the web storage item with the specified key exists.

Then $storageType storage item with key `$key` exists
  • $storageType - One of the web storage mechanisms: either local or session.

  • $key - The name of the key to check presence.

Example 52. Check the session storage item is present
Then session storage item with key `token` exists

Validate web storage item absence

Validates the web storage item with the specified key does not exist.

Then $storageType storage item with key `$key` does not exist
  • $storageType - One of the web storage mechanisms: either local or session.

  • $key - The key of the local storage item to check absence.

Example 53. Check the local storage item is not present
Then local storage item with key `token` does not exist

Proxy Steps

Check the number of HTTP requests

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level.

The actions preformed by the step:

  • extract HTTP messages from the recorded proxy archive

  • filter out the HTTP messages with the response status code 302 Moved Temporarily

  • find HTTP requests matching the provided HTTP methods and the URL regular expression

  • check that the total number of the found HTTP messages satisfies the desired condition

In case of failure the full HTTP archive (HAR) is attached to the report.

Then number of HTTP $httpMethods requests with URL pattern `$urlPattern` is $comparisonRule `$number`
  • $httpMethods - The comma-separated HTTP methods to filter by

  • $urlPattern - The regular expression to match HTTP request URL

  • $comparisonRule - Comparison Rule

  • $number - The number to compare with

Example 54. Check the number of HTTP GET and POST requests matching URL regurlar expression is equal to 1
Then number of HTTP GET, POST requests with URL pattern `http://httpbin\.org/get` is equal to `1`

Capture HTTP message

Save the HTTP message part from the HTTP request with given URL-pattern into the variable with specified name and the scopes.

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level.

The actions preformed by the step:

  • extract HTTP messages from the recorded proxy archive

  • filter out the HTTP messages with the response status code 302 Moved Temporarily

  • find HTTP requests matching the provided HTTP methods and the URL regular expression

  • check that total number of the found HTTP messages is equal to 1

  • save the HTTP message part to the specified variable

In case of failure the full HTTP archive (HAR) is attached to the report.

When I capture HTTP $httpMethods request with URL pattern `$urlPattern` and save $httpMessagePart to $scopes variable `$variableName`
  • $httpMethods - The "or"-separated set of HTTP methods to filter by, e.g. GET or POST or PUT.

  • $urlPattern - The regular expression to match HTTP request URL.

  • $httpMessagePart - The HTTP message part to save. One of:

    • URL - The request URL.

    • URL query - The request URL query parameters.

    • request data - The request data includes the following keys:

      • query - The URL query is stored as a collection of key and value pairs, where key is the name of the query parameter and value is the list of query parameter values. The query parameter values are accessible via zero-based index.

      • requestBody.mimeType - The MIME type of posted data, the variable will not be saved if MIME type is not present.

      • requestBody.text - The posted data as plain text, the variable will not be saved if the request body is not present.

      • requestBodyParameters - The form data parameters are stored as a collection of key and value pairs, where key is the name of the form parameter and value is the list of form parameter values. The form parameter values are accessible via zero-based index.

      • responseStatus - The response status, the variable will not be saved if the response is not present.

    • response data - The response data includes the following keys:

      • responseBody.mimeType - The MIME type of response data, the variable will not be saved if MIME type is not present.

      • responseBody.text - The response data as plain text, the variable will not be saved if the response body is not present.

  • $scopes - The comma-separated set of the variables scopes.

  • $variableName - The variable name to save the HTTP message part.

Example 55. Validate the URL of the matching HTTP request
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
When I capture HTTP GET or POST request with URL pattern `.*/search.*=vividus` and save URL to scenario variable `URL`
Then `${URL}` is equal to `https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus`
Example 56. Validate the URL query of the matching HTTP request
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
When I capture HTTP GET request with URL pattern `.*/search.*=vividus` and save URL query to scenario variable `query`
Then `${query.q[0]}` is equal to `vividus`
Then `${query.q}` is equal to `[vividus]`
Then `${query}` is equal to `{q=[vividus]}`
Example 57. Validate the request data from the matching HTTP message
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
When I capture HTTP GET request with URL pattern `https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus` and save request data to scenario variable `data`
Then `${data.query}` is equal to `{}`
Then `${data.requestBodyParameters}` is equal to `{delivery=, custtel=, comments=, custemail=, custname=}`
Then `${data.requestBody}` is not equal to `null`
Then `${data.responseStatus}` is equal to `200`
Example 58. Validate the response data from the matching HTTP message
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
When I capture HTTP GET request with URL pattern `https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus` and save request data to scenario variable `data`
Then `${data.responseBody.text}` is equal to `{"status": "ok"}`
Then `${data.responseBody.mimeType}` is equal to `application/json`

Wait for the HTTP request

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level. Waits for the HTTP requests matching the provided HTTP methods and URL regular expression. If no HTTP request is sent and wait timeout is reached, then the step will fail.

When I wait until HTTP $httpMethods request with URL pattern `$urlPattern` exists in proxy log
  • $httpMethods - the "or"-separated HTTP methods to filter by, e.g. 'GET or POST or PUT'

  • $urlPattern - the regular expression to match HTTP request URL

Example 59. Wait for the HTTP request
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
When I wait until HTTP GET or POST request with URL pattern `https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus` exists in proxy log
Then number of HTTP GET or POST requests with URL pattern `https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus` is equal to `1`

Add headers to the HTTP request

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level. Add headers to the proxied HTTP request satisfying the desired condition

When I add headers to proxied requests with URL pattern which $comparisonRule `$url`:$headers
  • $comparisonRule - String comparison rule

  • $url - The input value of URL to filter by

  • $headers - ExamplesTable representing the list of the headers with columns "name" and "value" specifying HTTP header names and values respectively

Example 60. Add headers to the proxied HTTP request
When I add headers to proxied requests with URL pattern which is equal to `https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus`:
|name     |value     |
|testName1|testValue1|
|testName2|testValue2|
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
Then a JSON element from '${response}' by the JSON path '$.headers' is equal to '
{
    "Testname1": "testValue1",
    "Testname2": "testValue2"
}
'ignoring extra fields

Clear the recordings

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level. The step clears the HTTP requests and responses recorded by the proxy

When I clear proxy log
Example 61. Clear the data recorded by the proxy
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
When I clear proxy log
Then number of HTTP GET requests with URL pattern 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus' is equal to `0`

Clear the mocks

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level. The step clears previously created mocks

When I clear proxy mocks
Example 62. Clear the proxy mocks
When I mock HTTP responses with request URL which CONTAINS `vividus` using response code `200`, content `#{loadResource(page.html)}` and headers:
|name        |value    |
|Content-Type|text/html|
When I clear proxy mocks
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.google.com/search?q=vividus'
Then number of elements found by `id(sw)` is = `0`

Mock the HTTP response by methods with content

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level. Mocks HTTP response by methods with a provided content

No actual request will be executed. Short-circuited response will be returned.
When I mock HTTP $httpMethods responses with request URL which $comparisonRule `$url` using response code `$responseCode`, content `$payload` and headers:$headers
  • $httpMethods - The "or"-separated set of HTTP methods to filter by, e.g. GET or POST or PUT.

  • $rule - String comparison rule

  • $url - The input value of URL to filter by

  • $code - The response status code

  • $content - The content to send within a response

  • $headers - ExamplesTable representing the list of the headers with columns "name" and "value" specifying HTTP header names and values respectively

Example 63. Hijack a page
When I mock HTTP POST responses with request URL which CONTAINS `example` using response code `202`, content `#{loadResource(mocked-example.json)}` and headers:
|name        |value           |
|Content-Type|application/json|

Mock the HTTP response with content

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level. Mocks HTTP response with a provided content

No actual request will be executed. Short-circuited response will be returned.
When I mock HTTP responses with request URL which $comparisonRule `$url` using response code `$responseCode`, content `$payload` and headers:$headers
  • $rule - String comparison rule

  • $url - The input value of URL to filter by

  • $code - The response status code

  • $content - The content to send within a response

  • $headers - ExamplesTable representing the list of the headers with columns "name" and "value" specifying HTTP header names and values respectively

Example 64. Hijack a page
When I mock HTTP responses with request URL which CONTAINS `example.com` using response code `200`, content `#{loadResourceAsByteArray(page.html)}` and headers:
|name        |value    |
|Content-Type|text/html|

Mock the HTTP response without content

This step requires proxy to be turned on. It can be done in properties or by switching on @proxy meta tag at the story level. Mocks HTTP response

No actual request will be executed. Short-circuited response will be returned.
When I mock HTTP responses with request URL which $comparisonRule `$url` using response code `$responseCode` and headers:$headers
  • $rule - String comparison rule

  • $url - The input value of URL to filter by

  • $code - The response status code

  • $headers - ExamplesTable representing the list of the headers with columns "name" and "value" specifying HTTP header names and values respectively

Example 65. 404 page
When I mock HTTP responses with request URL which CONTAINS `example.com` using response code `404` and headers:
|name          |value|
|Content-Length|0    |

Window Steps

Resize the current browser window

Changes the current browser window size to the specified one.

The specified browser window size should be smaller than the current screen resolution.
When I change window size to `$targetSize`
  • $targetSize - The desired browser window size in pixels, e.g. 800x600, where the first measure is window width, the last one is window height.

Example 66. Resize the browser window
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://example.com/'
When I change window size to `640x320`

Video steps

Steps allow to interact with video elements.

Play Video

Starts video playback.

When I play video in video player located `$locator`

Pause Video

Pauses video playback.

When I pause video in video player located `$locator`

Rewind Video

Rewinds video to the desired mark in seconds.

When I rewind time to `$number` seconds in video player located `$locator`
  • $number - time mark in seconds

  • $locator - Locator

Get info

Saves video player info: duration, currentTime, src, networkState. For more information about the properties see HTML Audio/Video Properties

When I save info from video player located `$locator` to $scopes variable `$variableName`
  • $locator - Locator

  • $scopes - The comma-separated set of the variables scopes.

  • $variableName - The variable name to save the info. If the variable name is info, the following variables will be created:

    • ${info.src}- The current source of the audio/video element

    • ${info.duration} - The length of the current audio/video (in seconds)

    • ${info.currentTime} - The current playback position in the audio/video(in seconds)

    • ${info.networkState} - The current network state of the audio/video. For more information see: Network State

Example 67. Video player verifications
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYqyVpCV-3c'
When I pause video in video player located `cssSelector(video)`
When I rewind time to `777` seconds in video player located `cssSelector(video)`
When I play video in video player located `cssSelector(video)`
When I save info from video player located `cssSelector(video)` to SCENARIO variable `info`
Then `${info.currentTime}` is > `0`
Then `${info.duration}` is > `1000`
Then `${info.networkState}` is = `2`
Then `${info.src}` matches `.+youtube.+`

Perform steps for each found element

Executes the steps against all elements found by locator. After a required number of elements is found, search context switches in order for each found element and performs all steps on it.

If comparison rule mismatch steps will not be performed even if elements are found.
When I find $comparisonRule `$number` elements by `$locator` and for each element do$stepsToExecute

Alias:

When I find $comparisonRule '$number' elements by $locator and for each element do$stepsToExecute
  • $comparisonRule - The comparison rule.

  • $number - The number of elements to find.

  • $locator - Locator.

  • $stepsToExecute - The ExamplesTable with a single column containing the steps to execute.

Example 68. Script type check
When I find = `5` elements by `By.xpath(//script):a` and for each element do
|step                                                                                      |
|When I set 'type' attribute value of the context element to the 'scenario' variable 'type'|
|Then `${type}` is equal to `text/javascript`                                              |

Browser Configuration Steps

Set the browser command line arguments

Allows to set command line arguments for browsers. This step works similar to the property

web.driver.<browser-name>.command-line-arguments

In case both property and step are used - arguments from property will be ignored. Step will take effect for all new browser sessions created in the current story. It will not affect the current sessions.

List of supported command line arguments for popular browsers: . Chrome . Firefox . Internet Explorer

Not supported browsers: . Safari . Edge

When I set browser command line arguments to `$argsString`
  • $argsString - Sequence of command line arguments, separated by space.

Example 69. Set the browser to use the mocked camera stream
When I set browser command line arguments to `--use-fake-ui-for-media-stream --use-file-for-fake-video-capture=${videoStorage}/${video1}.y4m --use-fake-device-for-media-stream`
Given I am on the main application page

Code steps

Execute JavaScript and save result.

Executes JavaScript code and saves result into variable.

When I execute javascript `$jsCode` and save result to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 70. Validate timings
Given I am on a page with the URL 'http://vividus-test-site.herokuapp.com/mouseEvents.html'
When I execute javascript `return JSON.stringify(window.performance.timing)` and save result to scenario variable `timings`
Then number of JSON elements from `${timings}` by JSON path `$.connectStart` is = 1

Execute async JavaScript and save result.

Executes async JavaScript code and saves result into variable.

When I execute async javascript `$jsCode` and save result to $scopes variable `$variableName`
Example 71. Validate response
When I execute async javascript `
var callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', '/resource/data.json', true);
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
  if (xhr.readyState == 4) {
    callback(xhr.responseText);
  }
};
xhr.send();` and save result to scenario variable `response`
Then `${response}` matcher `.+`

Browser logs steps

This set of steps allows to validate the browser console logging messages.

In order to configure availability of the INFO level messages use following properties:

Browser

Property to enable INFO logs

Google Chrome

selenium.capabilities.goog\:loggingPrefs.browser=INFO

Microsoft Edge Chromium

]selenium.capabilities.ms\:loggingPrefs.browser=INFO`

Validate log entries absence

Validates the absence of log entries of the desired level in the browser console.

Then there are no browser console $logLevels
  • $logLevels - List of the comma-separated messages levels. The supported levels are: ERRORS, WARNINGS, INFOS.

Example 72. Validate absence of JS errors
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://vividus-test-site.herokuapp.com/'
Then there are no browser console ERRORS

Validate specific log entries absence

Validates the absence of specific log entries of the desired level in the browser console.

Then there are no browser console $logLevels by regex '$pattern'
  • $logLevels - List of the comma-separated messages levels. The supported levels are: ERRORS, WARNINGS, INFOS.

  • $pattern - The regular expression to match log entry messages.

Example 73. Validate absence of JS error referencing user
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://vividus-test-site.herokuapp.com/'
Then there are no browser console ERRORS by regex '.*user.*'

Validate specific log entries presence

Validates the presence of specific log entries of the desired level in the browser console.

Then there are browser console $logLevels by regex '$pattern'
  • $logLevels - List of the comma-separated messages levels. The supported levels are: ERRORS, WARNINGS, INFOS.

  • $pattern - The regular expression to match log entry messages.

Example 74. Validate presence of JS errors referencing user
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://vividus-test-site.herokuapp.com/'
Then there are browser console ERRORS by regex '.*user.*'

Wait for console log entries and save them

Waits for the appearance of the console log entries with the expected level and which match regular expression and saves all the entries (including awaited ones) of the expected level gathered during the wait to the scoped variable.

Wait uses generic UI timeouts specified by the properties ui.wait.timeout and ui.wait.polling-period. See Properties section for more details.
When I wait until browser console $logEntries by regex `$regex` appear and save all entries into $scopes variable `$variableName`
  • $logLevels - List of the comma-separated messages levels. The supported levels are: ERRORS, WARNINGS, INFOS.

  • $pattern - The regular expression to match log entry messages.

  • $scopes - The comma-separated set of the variables scopes.

  • $variableName - The name of the variable to save the value of the barcode.

Example 75. Wait for application readiness
Given I am on a page with the URL 'https://vividus-test-site.herokuapp.com/'
When I wait until browser console infos by regex `.*Application ready.*` appear and save all entries into scenario variable `logs`
Then `${logs}` matches `.*Application ready in \d+ seconds.*`